SKU: 20554846050

Fancy Jasper Runes

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Description

Fancy Jasper RunesRune History No one knows exactly how old the runes are. Rune like symbols appear as cave markings as early as the late Bronze Age (circa 1300 BC), and they are mentioned in the Bible, but their use in ritual and as an Oracle for consultation must certainly pre date their use as a system of writing. Eminent scientific runologist Dr R. I. Page of Cambridge University (An Introduction to English Runes 1973,1999 and Reading the Past Runes 1987) notes

Rune History 

No-one knows exactly how old the runes are. Rune-like symbols appear as cave markings as early as the late Bronze Age (circa 1300 BC), and they are mentioned in the Bible, but their use in ritual and as an Oracle for consultation must certainly pre-date their use as a system of writing.

Eminent scientific runologist Dr R. I. Page of Cambridge University (An Introduction to English Runes 1973,1999 and Reading the Past - Runes 1987) notes that the runic forms were well established and gave the appearance of having been in use for some centuries before the time of the earliest written language inscriptions.

The fact that the runes were each given meaningful names confirms that they had some magical or religious significance to their users long before they emerged as an alphabet for records and messages.

The word rune itself comes from the old Norse word Runa meaning a secret or mystery, and it seems likely that the early runemasters and runemistresses were considered to have some magic or mystic power in their understanding of the runes.

The runes represent objects, gods, people, animals, concepts and occurrences. They were known by names from which their alphabetic and phonetic values were taken, but it must be remembered that the early Germanic and Norse tribes who developed them did so long before they had any need for writing messages.

It was not until about AD200, when the runemal (i.e. the art of runic interpretation) was wide-spread in Northern Europe that the runic alphabet emerged. This alphabet became known as the Futhark or Futhorc, after the names of the first 6 runes (Fehu, Uruz, Thurisaz, Ansuz, Raido, Kauno) and it is these 24 symbols that now comprise the rune set. Some modern diviners also use a blank to represent Odin, fate or destiny - but it is probably more useful as a spare in case of loss. A blank cannot rightfully be called a "rune" because there is no symbol on it. And in any case, the rune Ansuz is generally accepted to represent Odin by the majority of experienced rune users.

There are very few surviving runic inscriptions and most of them are on stone or metal - the most durable of materials. Only a handful of inscriptions carved on wood have ever been found, and none of these is from Britain.

There is sufficient evidence to show that the Ancient Pagan or Anglo-Saxon runes (known to runologists as the Anglo-Friesian runes from their geographical occurrence) are the same 24 basic runes with variations in their form due to usage over the centuries.

For example, the Hagalaz of the Norse resembled an angled H but the Anglo-Saxons added a second cross-bar.

Variations in pronunciation can also occur. For instance, the Norsemen pronounced W as a V, but Anglo-Saxons had adapted this to the modern W sound by 600AD.
There are those who suggest that many of the rune forms are copied from Roman script - the system of letters on which modern Western writing is based.

Such examples as Mannaz (M), Fehu (F), Berkanan (B), Raido (R) are obviously very similar, but it seems more likely to me that the rune symbols (although not then used as letters) are earlier in development. Or at least, they were developed from the same source as the Roman script.

Consider the technology and equipment that was necessary to undertake Roman writing. Parchment or paper with all the processing that requires - such as blanching chemicals and drying processes; the formulation of durable ink and its mass production; and not forgetting the development of a complex writing implement such as the quill pen. A civilization is hardly likely to undertake all these developments unless a suitable format for writing already existed.

Look now at the needs of the rune master or rune mistress, what did they require? Nothing more than a stick of wood and a sharp knife to incise the runes. Both of these requisites have been available to Man from the very earliest times. That runes were initially cut in wood there is no doubt. The very shape of the runes confirms this by the avoidance of the horizontal or curved line.

If you experiment with a flat wood surface, you will find that it is very easy to cut straight lines across the grain. It is much more difficult to cut a curve with a straight knife blade. And it is almost impossible to cut a line horizontally along the grain - the cut closes up as the wood dries, and the line thus disappears.

The early runemasters and rune mistresses therefore developed a system of writing from their existing fund of mystic or religious symbols which would endure on wood. The symbols were composed of vertical and angled straight lines that could easily be cut or burned in wood.

The later Roman historian Cornelius Tacitus (58-120AD) records a Germanic tribal Runemal in some detail in Chapter 10 of his ethnographical work Germania from about 97AD when he was Consul to the region:

To divination they pay much attention. Their method is a simple one: they cut a branch from a fruit-bearing tree and divide it into small pieces which they mark with certain distinctive signs and scatter at random onto a white cloth. Then the priest of the community (if it is done publicly) or the father of the family (if it is done privately) after invoking the gods and with eyes raised to heaven, picks up three pieces one at a time and interprets them in accordance with the signs previously marked on them.

When the high chieftains and lawgivers of Anglo-Saxon England met in secret, their assemblies were known as The Runes: and a 4th Century translation of the Bible uses the word Runa for "mystery" or "secret proceedings".

The ancient Norse prose tales of the Edda have Odin hung on the World Tree when he spies the runes and seizes them up to gain wisdom and well-being. The Edda also mentions Bragi, master of the skalds (minstrels) and a great storyteller who reputedly had runes tattooed on his tongue - a reference to his magical gift as a raconteur.

The slightly later poem Erik the Red describes a Rune mistress in full regalia.

Coming to modern references, the traditional lore of Finland as recorded in the Kalevala by Lönnrot in 1835 describes a confrontation of wizards where runic songs were used to cause fire and devastation.

Some modern experts allege that stones were commonly used for the Runemal, but I have found no evidence of this despite extensive research. The indications, whether from runology, known Pagan religious beliefs, or Saxon witchcraft ritual, all point to the use of wood, particularly from fruit-bearing trees.

In my efforts to accurately recreate the Ancient Runemal, my rune sets were made from Blackthorn, Ash, Beech, Birch, Chestnut, Elder, Hawthorn, Hazel, Rowan, Sycamore, Willow and a few other wild woods. In keeping with the Pagan respect for living things, I never cut from living trees, but used windfall or forested branches. Each rune set was individually dated, serial numbered and identified as to the wood and its origin.

Information from: http://www.runemaker.com/history.shtml

 

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SKU: 20554846050

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4.8 ★★★★★
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TRF guy
Phoenix, US
★★★★★ 5
The information in the book is good and goes into good detail about the Halo Universe ...
Format: Hardcover
Bought the book as a gift for my 12 year old son. The information in the book is good and goes into good detail about the Halo Universe and the Human-Covenant War. The art work is excellent. Well worth the cost.
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Reviewed in the United States on July 8, 2014
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Brandon Benz
Whiting, US
★★★★★ 5
BEAUTIFUL
Format: Hardcover
lARGE AND FULL OF INFO. gOOD FOR ANY hALO COLLECTOR or anyone who wants to know a bit more about the universe. Kind of sad it didn't come in its own plastic wrap but it was in perfect condition and wasn't damaged.. as a collector i was VERY happy
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Reviewed in the United States on October 9, 2013
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Jared L
Draper, US
★★★★★ 4
Somewhat underwhelming; but still a good book that references a lot of things Halo 4 related
Format: Hardcover
I have been looking forward to this book for several months now, as there is not a lot of material out there that covers Halo 4 or the lore around this newest entry (and upcoming trilogy). There is the "Halo Encyclopedia" (released in 2009), which only covered everything up to Halo 3; and the first "Halo: The Essential Visual Guide" (released in 2011), which covered everything up to Halo: Reach. The first Essential Visual Guide was basically a watered-down version of the Encyclopedia. While both of those are great books, the Encyclopedia is one of the best sources out there for definitive Halo information. So here we finally get a book regarding the new lore of the Halo universe we've been learning about since 2011 (starting with the Forerunner and Kilo-Five novel trilogies, and Halo 4 itself). But don't get your hopes up; unfortunately, this is nothing like the Encyclopedia that we already have access to. Overall, this is a good book, but I was a bit underwhelmed with it. Let me try and explain why. If you are a newcomer to the Halo universe, then obviously this book would do a great job in introducing the new characters/enemies/locations of Halo 4 to you. But if you are a veteran like me, who has been delving into Halo lore for over a decade now, the book doesn't really show or teach you anything new. Each entry is basically a very rushed explanation of what that particular person, ship, location, etc is about. I know it's unfair to assume that this would have been a definitive source for information, but it's just a shame how bland the detail is. Several of the entries in this book have enough information regarding them to where it could cover several pages, yet just about everything in this book is narrowed down to one page. I understand it is a Visual Guide, and not a factual, historical records of Halo events; but even the pictures are somewhat underwhelming. Each entry could have contained so much more information and photos than they had. The UNSC Infinity, for example, was simply stretched out across two pages, with not a lot of information regarding it and a grand total of three pictures (none of which were even of the interior). I will say there were some entertaining parts in the book, especially regarding the Spartans of Majestic Team (since not much background info was explained in the game). But these were so few and far between for me. A good half of the book covers the weapons, vehicles, armor, and multiplayer maps in Halo 4. In my opinion, a lot of that stuff shouldn't have even been covered (since a lot of it has already been covered in the past, in the Encyclopedia and the first Essential Visual Guide). So again, that just goes with my point about the book not meeting my expectations. But let me elaborate one more time, that I am a fanatic of Halo lore. If you are like me, and have been following the franchise since it's beginning, you probably won't find too much stuff in here that you don't already know about, and the book may be kind of a let down because of it. But if you are a newcomer to Halo or simply a casual fan, then this book is a good enough catalog of information regarding just about everything Halo 4 related. The best part of the book were the first 20 pages or so, where they showed off all of the major characters. After that, there just wasn't enough for me to be excited about; simply because I already knew just about everything they were trying to explain. I really wish DK and 343 Industries would update the Halo Enclyclopedia (or just create a brand new one) to include all of the new stuff pertaining to the Forerunner novels, Kilo-Five novels, Halo 4, and everything else post Halo 3 related we have learned in these past several years. But none the less, this book is still a good enough reference for a great price. And I anxiously await to see what 343 Industries does next with the series, regarding both the games and possible novels/comics.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 21, 2013
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Verified Purchase
Amazon Customer
West Palm Beach, US
★★★★★ 5
Awesome book!
Format: Hardcover
Bought this for my sons Christmas present (mind you, we don't own the video game) and when I opened it I knew he would HAVE to share with me! This book has great details and pictures to fuel the imagination.
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Reviewed in the United States on November 22, 2013
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Verified Purchase
Kev
San Leandro, US
★★★★★ 5
Stunning !!!
Format: Hardcover
This is a stunning book with beautiful, vivid art and expose' which for any true Halo(R) fan is a must buy. Your coffee table deserves this book. Pick it up if you don't have it. I paired this book with the Halo(R) The Essential Visual Guide, which covers Halo, Halo 2, Halo 3, Halo 3: ODST, Halo Wars & Halo: Reach.
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Reviewed in the United States on August 28, 2014

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