SOX4 Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-2207-103)

SOX4 (SRY-related HMG-box 4) is a 47-kDa transcription factor that contains a canonical high-mobility-group (HMG) DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal trans-activation domain rich in serine and proline residues; it binds to the minor groove of the consensus motif 5′-AACAAT-3′, thereby bending flanking chromatin and recruiting co-factors such as p300, β-catenin, and POU-domain proteins to activate or repress target genes involved in Wnt, TGF-β, Notch and PI3K/AKT signaling. During embryogenesis SOX4 drives differentiation and survival of neural, cardiac, pancreatic and lymphoid progenitors, while in post-natal life its expression is sharply down-regulated except in selected stem-cell niches and activated lymphocytes. In cancer, SOX4 is frequently re-amplified at 6p22.3 and its over-expression—mediated by miR-129-2 methylation, TCF/LEF or NF-κB signaling—promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, angiogenesis and chemo-resistance in breast, prostate, lung, hepatic, colorectal and hematopoietic malignancies through direct trans-activation of MMP9, VEGF, PD-L1, BMI1 and ABCC3, and by stabilizing β-catenin and Snail. Consequently, high SOX4 levels correlate with advanced stage, metastasis and poor prognosis, and CRISPR-deletion or pharmacologic inhibition of SOX4 (e.g., by flavopiridol or HDAC inhibitors) suppresses tumor growth and sensitizes cells to cisplatin or imatinib, validating SOX4 as both a master developmental regulator and an attractive oncotherapeutic target.