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Description
Human neurokinin-1 receptors,nk-1r ELISA KitProduct Specification Usage Required experimental equipment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High precision pipettes and pipette tips: 0. 5 10uL, 5 50uL, 20 200uL, 200 1000uL 3. 37C incubator 4. Distilled or deionized water Sample preparation and requirements: Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre chilled PBS (0. 01M, pH 7. 4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh and
Product Specification
| Usage | Required experimental equipment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High-precision pipettes and pipette tips: 0.5-10uL, 5-50uL, 20-200uL, 200-1000uL 3. 37°C incubator 4. Distilled or deionized water Sample preparation and requirements: Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre-chilled PBS (0.01M, pH 7.4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh and mince the tissue. Add the minced tissue to the appropriate volume of PBS (generally a 1:9 weight-to-volume ratio, e.g., 1g of tissue sample to 9mL of PBS. The specific volume can be adjusted according to experimental needs and recorded. It is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS) in a glass homogenizer and grind thoroughly on ice. To further lyse tissue cells, the homogenate can be sonicated or repeatedly frozen and thawed. Finally, centrifuge the homogenate at 5000×g for 5-10 minutes, and collect the supernatant for analysis. Cell Lysis Buffer: Adherent cells should be gently washed with pre-chilled PBS, then trypsinized and harvested by centrifugation at 1000×g for 5 minutes. Suspension cells can be harvested directly by centrifugation. Collected cells should be washed three times with pre-chilled PBS and resuspended in 150-200 μL of PBS per 1×10^6 cells (it is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS; if the cell count is very low, reduce the PBS volume appropriately). Disrupt the cells by repeated freezing and thawing or sonication. Centrifuge the extract at 1500×g for 10 minutes at 2-8°C, and collect the supernatant for analysis. Other biological fluids: Centrifuge at 1000xg for 20 minutes, remove the supernatant, and test. Pre-test preparation: 1. Remove the test kit from the refrigerator 10 minutes in advance and equilibrate to room temperature. 2. Prepare the standard gradient working solution: Add 1 mL of universal diluent to the lyophilized standard, let it stand for 15 minutes to completely dissolve, then gently mix (concentration is 20 ng/mL). Then dilute to the following concentrations: 20 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, 5 ng/mL, 2.5 ng/mL, 1.25 ng/mL, 0.625 ng/mL, 0.3125 ng/mL, and 0 ng/mL. Serial dilution method: Take 7 EP tubes and add 500 μL of universal diluent to each tube. Pipette 500 μL of the 20 ng/mL standard working solution into the first EP tube and mix thoroughly to make a 10 ng/mL standard working solution. Repeat this procedure for subsequent tubes. The last tube serves directly as a blank well; there is no need to aspirate the liquid from the penultimate tube. See the figure below for details. 3. Preparation of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the concentrated biotinylated antibody at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated biotinylated antibody to a 1× working concentration using universal diluent (e.g., 10µL concentrate + 990µL universal diluent). Prepare immediately before use. 4. Prepare the enzyme conjugate working solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the 100× concentrated enzyme conjugate at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated HRP enzyme conjugate to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10 μL of concentrate + 990 μL of universal diluent). Prepare immediately. 5. Prepare the 1× wash solution: Dispense 10 mL of 20× wash solution into 190 mL of distilled water (concentrated wash solution removed from the refrigerator may crystallize; this is normal. Allow to stand at room temperature until the crystals have completely dissolved before preparing). Procedure: 1. Remove the desired strips from the aluminum foil bag after equilibration at room temperature for 10 minutes. Seal the remaining strips in a ziplock bag and return to 4°C. 2. Sample addition: Add 100 μL of sample or standard of varying concentrations to the corresponding wells. Add 100 μL of universal diluent to the blank wells. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. (Recommendation: Dilute the sample to be tested at least 1-fold with universal diluent before adding it to the ELISA plate. This will reduce the impact of matrix effects on the test results. The sample concentration should be multiplied by the corresponding dilution factor when calculating the final sample concentration. It is recommended to run replicates for all test samples and standards.) 3. Add Biotinylated Antibody: Remove the ELISA plate and discard the liquid without washing. Add 100 μL of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution directly to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. 4. Wash: Discard the liquid and add 300 μL of 1x Wash Solution to each well. Let stand for 1 minute, shake off the wash solution, and pat dry on absorbent paper. Repeat this process three times (a plate washer can also be used). 5. Add Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution: Add 100 μL of Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes. 6. Washing: Discard the liquid and wash the plate five times as in step 4. 7. Adding substrate: Add 90 μL of substrate (TMB) to each well, cover with a sealing film, and incubate at 37°C in the dark for 15 minutes. 8. Adding stop solution: Remove the ELISA plate and add 50 μL of stop solution directly to each well. Immediately measure the OD value of each well at a wavelength of 450 nm. Calculating experimental results: 1. Calculate the average OD value of the standard and sample replicates and subtract the OD value of the blank well as a correction factor. Plot the standard curve of the four-parameter logistic function on double-logarithmic graph paper, with concentration as the horizontal axis and OD value as the vertical axis. 2. If the sample OD value is higher than the upper limit of the standard curve, dilute the sample appropriately and retest. Multiply the sample concentration by the corresponding dilution factor. |
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| Theory | This kit uses a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sample, standard, biotin-labeled detection antibody, and HRP conjugate are sequentially added to microwells pre-coated with a capture antibody against neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R). After incubation and washing, the sample is developed using the substrate TMB. TMB is converted to blue by HRP peroxidase and to yellow by acid. The intensity of the color is positively correlated with the presence of neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) in the sample. The absorbance (OD) is measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader to calculate the sample concentration. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source | Human | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonym | Human Neurokinin-1 receptor ELISA Kit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Detection Type | Double antibody sandwich method | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition |
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| Background | Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R), also known as tachykinin receptor 1 (TACR1) or substance P receptor (SPR), is a G protein-coupled receptor encoded by the TACR1 gene and found in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Its endogenous ligand is substance P, although it has some affinity for other tachykinins. It consists of 407 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 58,000. It, along with other tachykinin receptors, consists of seven hydrophobic transmembrane (TM) domains with three extracellular and three intracellular loops, an amino terminus, and a cytoplasmic carboxyl terminus. It can be found in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is present in neurons, brainstem, vascular endothelial cells, muscle, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, lung tissue, thyroid gland, and various immune cells. Binding of substance P is involved in the transmission of stress signals and pain, smooth muscle contraction, and inflammation. Other diseases involving the NK-1 receptor system include asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and gastrointestinal diseases. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Notes | 1. Strictly adhere to the specified incubation time and temperature to ensure accurate results. All reagents must be at room temperature (20-25°C) before use. Refrigerate reagents immediately after use. 2. Improper plate washing may result in inaccurate results. Ensure that all liquid in the wells is aspirated thoroughly before adding substrate. Do not allow the wells to dry out during incubation. 3. Remove any residual liquid and fingerprints from the bottom of the plate, as this will affect the OD value. 4. The substrate developer solution should be colorless or very light in color. Do not use substrate solution that has turned blue. 5. Avoid cross-contamination of reagents and specimens to prevent erroneous results. 6. Avoid direct exposure to strong light during storage and incubation. 7. Do not expose any reagents to bleaching solvents or the strong fumes emitted by bleaching solvents. Any bleaching agent will destroy the biological activity of the reagents in the kit. 8. Do not use expired products, and do not mix components with different product numbers and batches. 9. Recombinant proteins from sources other than the kit may not be compatible with the antibodies in this kit and will not be recognized. 10. If there is a possibility of disease transmission, all samples should be managed properly and samples and testing devices should be handled according to prescribed procedures. |
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| Storage Temp. | If the unopened kit is stored at 4°C, the shelf life is 6 months. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Test Range | 0.31-20 ng/mL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Applications | Tissue homogenates, cell lysates, and other biological fluids |
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4.4 ★★★★★
Based on 17 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
A very good product, which fulfills its purpose and even more so if bought on sale.
Color: Black
I bought the vacuum cleaner from abroad, without really knowing it or having seen it, only from the reviews I read on Amazon. The product arrived perfectly packaged, on time and in perfect condition.
The manual is simple and has clear instructions, correctly translated from Chinese to English, so it wasn't difficult to get it up and running. It came with everything the box stated: charger, cable, mop liquid container, floor mop, two sets of brushes, and a HEPA filter. This same filter has a very thin foam filter, which unfortunately broke the third time I cleaned it with a brush: this seems to be normal, and the brand should review its specifications.
It's essential to place the base in a location where the device can be easily returned and where there aren't too many clutter around it to avoid problems. Install Lefant's proprietary app, and following the step-by-step instructions makes it easy to connect to Wi-Fi and your cell phone. This allows you not only to give commands to the robot but also to schedule different cleanings, check the map the vacuum cleaner is creating, etc.
Regarding the location system, the LIDAR is really good at generating a real-time map as it scans the terrain the first time we turn it on; that's why it's essential to choose the right resting and charging location, otherwise we'll have to redo the map if we move it. As the vacuum cleaner moves, it generates this map that automatically detects the rooms, although it also has an editing system that allows it to do this, determining the cleaning order for each room, blocking off areas, etc. The map is updated with each pass the robot makes, and the phone's software is responsible for correctly "determining" some lines on it, as well as independent spaces. One detail: in my case, the vacuum cleaner thinks the space under the main bed is another room, so I can ask it to clean the entire room or just that space.
Cleaning is effective, with two effective brushes and adequate suction power for daily, non-deep cleaning. It has three power levels: a quiet one, a normal one, and a powerful one. Generally speaking, normal vacuuming is enough for an average home with the usual crumbs, dust, and pet hair. In this regard, I have a long-haired cat, and it's noticeable how time and again when the robot vacuums, I find tons of loose hair and dirt: this situation has really improved in my home. The battery life is adequate, although in a 50 square meter area, I've seen that when using the highest suction power, when it reaches 60% of the remaining battery, it decides to recharge (I don't know why or if it's a programming glitch).
If you have long-pile carpets, it's advisable to lift them off the floor and not let the vacuum cleaner pass near or over them, as the brushes get tangled in the long hair, causing it to jam and prevent it from cleaning further. Although it has a carpet mode, it's designed for hard and short-pile carpets, where it basically increases the suction power. But, again, this is a problem with long-pile carpets. Regarding this, when the vacuum cleaner gets stuck or detects a situation it can't resolve, it emits a voice alert clarifying the situation, and a notification is sent to the phone, more specifically to the dedicated app. This app is very comprehensive and allows you to view real-time and aggregated statistics on the robot's work. I must say that the Chinese to English translation is better than the Spanish one, so I recommend using it in English.
I haven't used the mop enough to comment, but from the little I've used it, it's accurate in terms of the amount of liquid and the way it's distributed. You can add some kind of cleaner, as long as it's light, not sticky, and doesn't leave residue.
In conclusion, it's a purchase I recommend, a good product that fulfills its purpose. If I could improve it, I would make it come with a larger number of spare parts or make them easier to purchase, since it doesn't have much information and when looking for them, you have to rely on other brands or models.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 16, 2025
★★★★★ 4
Keeps clean with 5 cats
Color: Black, Color: Black
I like this vacuum - a very convenient solution to the issue of 5 cats leaving their hairs all over my house. The mop feature is mostly useless though, so I can’t give it a full 5 stars.
Pros:
It's way quieter than a normal vacuum. You can have a conversation with it running in the same room & not have to raise your voice at all. It’s only slightly annoying to have it running when you’re trying to listen to music/ the TV, or make a phone call.
It fits under all the furniture I have & gets between legs of chairs without me having to lift things, move things out of the way, wrestle with a power cord, then put everything back (the reasons none of us want to have to vacuum).
The dustbin will hold a lot of dirt & cat hair before it needs emptying. It has never had to quit a cleaning session early because the dustbin is too full.
The cats like to watch it work but they haven’t bothered it/ haven’t ridden on it & it hasn’t bothered them. My one cat likes to stand vigil at his food dish & the vacuum will just clean a one-inch circumference around him without trying to bump him out of the way. (It’s quiet enough that they don’t run in terror.)
Cons:
It’s advertised as working on both 2.4 Ghz & 5 Ghz Wi-Fi, but that turns out to be a total lie when you try to set it up &, suddenly, it NEEDS to connect it to the 2.4 Ghz (which I don’t know how to do & it was the specific reason I bought THIS model instead of hundreds of others). I did try pressing random buttons on my router before returning the device & it HAS been working ever since.
I have a raised threshold one half-inch high & four inches wide between two rooms that it continually struggles to climb over. It usually spends about 5 minutes there, trying, before backing down the way it came. Maybe one time in ten it actually makes it into & cleans the other room. - You’re not supposed to pick it up & help it get there, even if you feel sorry for it.
If you have the mop attached it has no chance of climbing onto anything. That’s supposedly a “feature” but when it gets into an area between two carpets and you watch it scoot back & forth repeatedly like a sad lost animal …you kind of feel bad for it.
The “mop” is just a gravity fed water reservoir with a removable (washable) cloth attached to the bottom. It doesn’t actually “mop” anything, so much as give it a very gentle slightly damp dusting. It wouldn’t clean a single dirty footprint off of a hard floor if you ran it for 100 cycles. It would only spread a spill around if it came across one.
The mop function, honestly, is pretty useless unless you have dark hardwood floors that show dust everyday.
When it’s finished cleaning, it goes back to its charging station, which could be a problem if the charging station is kept on a wood floor or carpet with the mop reservoir full (& continuously damp). So, if you’re using the mop, you have to remember to take that attachment off soon after it’s finished cleaning (or damage your floor).
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Reviewed in the United States on August 4, 2025
★★★★★ 5
Love love love!
Color: Black
This replaced my Roborock and I was terrified about going to another brand. This Lefant robot is better than it--by far! So happy i took the leap! The performance is amazing (with 1 cat and 2 messy flight birds) - stays on top of it! Setting it up in the Lefant app and to Alexa was a snap. The charge in between scheduled cleanings is quick and lasts. Mapping and zoning is a cinch. My cat was scared of my old robot but isnt afraid of this one. It is pretty quiet! If you are debating on this one, you won't regret it.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 3, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Decent Mopping for the Price
Color: Black
I’ve been running the **Lefant LiDAR Robot Vacuum and Mop** for at least 6 months, and overall it’s a capable cleaner with smart navigation. It handles pet hair, carpets, and hard floors well, and the large 450ml visible dustbin is a nice touch — easy to check and empty without guessing.
As for the **mopping feature** specifically: it’s a basic but functional 2-in-1 mopping system with a 200ml water tank and washable mop pad. It does a respectable job on everyday light dirt, footprints, and spills on hard floors like tile or hardwood. The mop applies water evenly enough for maintenance cleaning, and you can control water flow levels through the app. It also has carpet detection that’s supposed to lift or avoid mopping rugs (which mostly works, though I still set no-mop zones for thicker carpets just in case).
That said, it’s not a deep-scrubbing powerhouse — stubborn dried-on spots or heavy messes often need a second pass or manual touch-up. It’s more of a “keep the floors looking fresher between deep cleans” type of mop rather than a full replacement for hand mopping. I tend to use the mopping mode once or twice a week on low-to-medium water settings and it leaves floors noticeably cleaner without streaks when used with a good floor cleaner solution.
The combo of strong vacuuming + basic mopping in one slim robot (great for getting under furniture) makes it convenient. Battery life is solid for most homes, and the app is straightforward for scheduling and customizing zones.
If you’re looking for an affordable LiDAR robot that vacuums well and adds convenient light mopping without breaking the bank, this Lefant model is a good pick. Just don’t expect premium-level mopping performance (like spinning pads or self-cleaning stations on higher-end brands).
Would recommend for apartments or homes with mostly hard floors and light daily dirt!
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Reviewed in the United States on April 10, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Best robovac we've ever bought. Would definitely buy again.
Color: Black
I got this on sale for half-price, but knowing how well it works, I would pay full price. Why? Because this is the best of the 4 robovacs I've ever bought. Two of the others stopped working. The third still works, but less well. The advantage of this unit for us is that its filter does not get clogged with dog hair.
Different brand: Our previous vac has a roller brush that collects hair, both long hair from my girls and lots of dog hair. The slit through which the dirt and dust travels to the dust collector is too small. Eventually, it gets clogged with dog hair.
Advantages of Lefant:
* The design of this vac lets the dog hair enter the dust bin where it is effectively trapped by the air filter before it can reach the vacuum motor. This is the big win.
* It does an excellent job of mapping out the rooms. I guess that's LiDAR at work.
* You can see on the companion app where it has cleaned and how it has mapped out the rooms. It remembers.
* Its obstacle avoidance and wall mapping is excellent. It tends not to get stuck, and that's a big win, too.
* It goes back to base pretty well (twice I have had to situate it so it made contact with the charging contacts. Did it miss the target, or did the dog knock it off? It probably just missed).
* After it charges, it starts cleaning again. The dust bin capacity is big enough that we don't have to empty it every time. And since it restarts its task until it finishes, our floors are less dusty and don't fill the bin as fast.
* It's voice prompts are helpful. E.g. when it returns to base it says, "Start charging."
* Installation was simple. Plug it in. Let it charge. Download the app. Press the button to start it.
* Emptying the dust bin is simple. The bin is easy to clean in the kitchen sink. I can fit my hand into it to dry it with a paper towel. The instructions warn against washing the air filter.
* It comes with spare parts (replacement brushes and another filter).
No comment features:
* I have not used the mop function, so I cannot comment.
Disadvantages:
* The air filter has two parts: A sturdy filter and a flimsy foam rubber pre-filter. The pre-filter catches the dog hair and it is difficult to brush the hairs off this pre-filter. We easily tore the first pre-filter and we are treating the second more delicately. Clearly, the pre-filters will have to be replaced often. I don't know if replacements are available, but I found filters for computer fans that might be cut to fit for about a buck per pre-filter. So I think of these pre-filters as a disposable part and I hope to find a more sturdy replacement. Owners without dogs may not be bothered by this.
Update: Almost two months have gone by and I just love this vacuum even more. It wakes up several times a day and methodically vacuums. Then it quietly slips back to its base. This is the best appliance purchase we ever made.
Update: After 5 months, I still love this gadget. Without a doubt the best appliance I have ever purchased. And I found that I can buy replacement brushes and filters. It wakes up several times a day, remembers where it left off and dutifully motors over to that spot and restarts. We have noticed how much less dusty everything is.
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Reviewed in the United States on July 6, 2025