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Description
Human AIF ELISA KitProduct Specification Usage Experimental equipment required for the experiment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High precision pipette and gun tips: 0. 5 10uL, 5 50uL, 20 200uL, 200 1000uL 3. 37 constant temperature box 4. Distilled water or deionized water Sample processing and requirements: 1. Serum: Place the whole blood sample collected in the serum separation tube at room temperature for 2 hours or at 4 overnight, then centrifuge at 1000g for 20
Product Specification
| Usage |
Experimental equipment required for the experiment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High-precision pipette and gun tips: 0.5-10uL, 5-50uL, 20-200uL, 200-1000uL 3. 37℃ constant temperature box 4. Distilled water or deionized water Sample processing and requirements: 1. Serum: Place the whole blood sample collected in the serum separation tube at room temperature for 2 hours or at 4℃ overnight, then centrifuge at 1000×g for 20 minutes, and take the supernatant, or store the supernatant at -20℃ or -80℃, but avoid repeated freezing and thawing. 2. Plasma: Collect the specimen using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge the specimen at 1000 × g for 15 minutes at 2-8°C within 30 minutes of collection. The supernatant can be assayed or stored at -20°C or -80°C, but avoid repeated freezing and thawing. 3. Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre-chilled PBS (0.01M, pH 7.4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh the tissue and mince it. Add the minced tissue to the appropriate volume of PBS (generally a 1:9 weight-to-volume ratio, e.g., 1 g of tissue sample to 9 mL of PBS. The specific volume can be adjusted according to experimental needs and recorded. It is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS) in a glass homogenizer and grind thoroughly on ice. To further lyse tissue cells, the homogenate can be sonicated or repeatedly frozen and thawed. Finally, centrifuge the homogenate at 5000 × g for 5-10 minutes, and the supernatant can be assayed. 4. Other biological fluids: Centrifuge at 1000xg for 20 minutes, remove the supernatant, and test. Pre-test preparation: 1. Remove the test kit from the refrigerator 10 minutes in advance and equilibrate to room temperature. 2. Prepare the standard gradient working solution: Add 1 mL of universal diluent to the lyophilized standard, let it stand for 15 minutes to completely dissolve, then gently mix (concentration is 10 ng/mL). Then dilute to the following concentrations: 10 ng/mL, 5 ng/mL, 2.5 ng/mL, 1.25 ng/mL, 0.625 ng/mL, 0.3125 ng/mL, 0.15625 ng/mL, and 0 ng/mL. Serial dilution method: Take seven EP tubes and add 500uL of universal diluent to each. Pipette 500uL of the 10ng/mL standard working solution into the first EP tube and mix thoroughly to make a 5ng/mL standard working solution. Repeat this procedure for subsequent tubes. The last tube serves as a blank well; there is no need to pipette liquid from the penultimate tube. See the figure below for details. 3. Preparation of biotinylated detection antibody working solution: Centrifuge the concentrated biotinylated antibody at 1000×g for 1 minute 15 minutes before use. Dilute the 100× concentrated biotinylated antibody to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10uL concentrate + 990uL universal diluent). Prepare and use immediately. 4. Prepare the enzyme conjugate working solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the 100× concentrated enzyme conjugate at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated HRP enzyme conjugate to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10 μL of concentrate + 990 μL of universal diluent). Prepare immediately. 5. Prepare the 1× wash solution: Dispense 10 mL of 20× wash solution into 190 mL of distilled water (concentrated wash solution removed from the refrigerator may crystallize; this is normal. Allow to stand at room temperature until the crystals have completely dissolved before preparing). Procedure: 1. Remove the desired strips from the aluminum foil bag after equilibration at room temperature for 10 minutes. Seal the remaining strips in a ziplock bag and return to 4°C. 2. Sample addition: Add 100 μL of sample or standard of varying concentrations to the corresponding wells. Add 100 μL of universal diluent to the blank wells. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. (Recommendation: Dilute the sample to be tested at least 1-fold with universal diluent before adding it to the ELISA plate. This will reduce the impact of matrix effects on the test results. The sample concentration should be multiplied by the corresponding dilution factor when calculating the final sample concentration. It is recommended to run replicates for all test samples and standards.) 3. Add Biotinylated Antibody: Remove the ELISA plate and discard the liquid without washing. Add 100 μL of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution directly to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. 4. Wash: Discard the liquid and add 300 μL of 1x Wash Solution to each well. Let stand for 1 minute, shake off the wash solution, and pat dry on absorbent paper. Repeat this process three times (a plate washer can also be used). 5. Add Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution: Add 100 μL of Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes. 6. Washing: Discard the liquid and wash the plate five times as in step 4. 7. Adding substrate: Add 90 μL of substrate (TMB) to each well, cover with a sealing film, and incubate at 37°C in the dark for 15 minutes. 8. Adding stop solution: Remove the ELISA plate and add 50 μL of stop solution directly to each well. Immediately measure the OD value of each well at a wavelength of 450 nm. Calculating experimental results: 1. Calculate the average OD value of the standard and sample replicates and subtract the OD value of the blank well as a correction factor. Plot the standard curve of the four-parameter logistic function on double-logarithmic graph paper, with concentration as the horizontal axis and OD value as the vertical axis. 2. If the sample OD value is higher than the upper limit of the standard curve, dilute the sample appropriately and retest. Multiply the sample concentration by the corresponding dilution factor. |
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| Theory | This kit uses a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sample, standard, biotin-labeled detection antibody, and HRP conjugate are sequentially added to microwells pre-coated with an Apoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF) capture antibody. After incubation and washing, the sample is developed using the substrate TMB. TMB is converted to blue by HRP peroxidase and to yellow by acid. The intensity of the color is positively correlated with the amount of Apoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF) in the sample. The absorbance (OD) is measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader to calculate the sample concentration. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source | Human | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonym | Human Apoptosis Inducing Factor ELISA Kit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Detection Type | Double antibody sandwich method | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition |
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| Background | Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) participates in initiating the caspase-independent apoptotic pathway (a positive intrinsic regulator of apoptosis) by causing DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation. It is a flavoprotein and also acts as an NADH oxidase. Another function of AIF is to regulate mitochondrial membrane permeability during apoptosis. Normally, it is located behind the outer mitochondrial membrane, thus shielding it from the nucleus. However, when mitochondria are disrupted, it relocates to the cell membrane and nucleus. Inactivation of AIF renders embryonic stem cells resistant to death following growth factor withdrawal, indicating its involvement in apoptosis. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Notes | 1. Strictly adhere to the specified incubation time and temperature to ensure accurate results. All reagents must be at room temperature (20-25°C) before use. Refrigerate reagents immediately after use. 2. Improper plate washing may result in inaccurate results. Ensure that all liquid in the wells is aspirated thoroughly before adding substrate. Do not allow the wells to dry out during incubation. 3. Remove any residual liquid and fingerprints from the bottom of the plate, as this will affect the OD value. 4. The substrate developer solution should be colorless or very light in color. Do not use substrate solution that has turned blue. 5. Avoid cross-contamination of reagents and specimens to prevent erroneous results. 6. Avoid direct exposure to strong light during storage and incubation. 7. Do not expose any reagents to bleaching solvents or the strong fumes emitted by bleaching solvents. Any bleaching agent will destroy the biological activity of the reagents in the kit. 8. Do not use expired products, and do not mix components with different product numbers and batches. 9. Recombinant proteins from sources other than the kit may not be compatible with the antibodies in this kit and will not be recognized. 10. If there is a possibility of disease transmission, all samples should be managed properly and samples and testing devices should be handled according to prescribed procedures. |
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| Storage Temp. | If the unopened kit is stored at 4°C, the shelf life is 6 months. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Test Range | 0.15-10 ng/mL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Applications | Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids |
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4.3 ★★★★★
Based on 12 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
My German Shepherd loves it!
Color: Blue
My GSD loves this thing! It bounces and the rope thing wiggles and spins. She is supervised while playing with it. The charge lasts about an hour or so. The only thing that is a little annoying is it makes a little barking sound on one of the settings. It screws apart for easy access. So far she's not been able to destroy it but she has opened it so definitely supervise playing time. It rolls around and bounces on the carpet and on the hard floor it jumps a little bit. Can be loud on hard floors. It's a soft rubber kinda texture that is easy to rinse off and clean. Probably best for indoor use or use on decks or patios. Keeps her very engaged and I have a blast watching her and playing with her with this thing!
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Reviewed in the United States on March 18, 2026
★★★★★ 3
Not for chewers
Color: Blue, Color: Blue
Ok, first off, my dog absolutely loved this toy. Still loves it. However: it only took him two days to utterly destroy the part that made it interactive. The rope fastened to the small interior plastic part that is moved by the rechargeable motor was too soft for him and he chewed it off right at the root, where it attached. This makes the toy immobile. It still makes noise and vibrates, but it no longer leaps and bounces. So now he carries it around while it vibrates inside his jaws and I watch his ears jiggle and make sure he doesn’t eat the whole thing. Please note: this is a medium sized Corgi, not a huge dog like a Rottweiler. There is no way to add a new rope to that interior plastic piece: they are made as an inseparable unit. You have to buy the full replacement set which includes a new cover.
I would recommend this toy for someone whose dog is NOT a chewer. For someone whose dog loves to chase, and is excited by noise. If those pesky squirrels chattering outside really get to him, this toy will be his new favorite. But if your dog likes to chew and has more than two teeth in his mouth, this toy is not a great choice and you should spend your money on something that will last a bit longer. It’s not a good value for the money. I bought this original toy and a replacement cover+rope set, and I’m not going to give him the replacement cover for a long, long time. I can’t afford to replace these every few days! Thankfully he still loves the toy despite the fact that it doesn’t run away from him, and hasn’t tried to eat the foam covering, so it’s just the softness of the rope I am disappointed in. But I’m not going to buy this again and can’t recommend it highly, based on my experience, despite my dog loving it and the joy I get watching his ears shake as he trots around the house holding onto this expensive mouth vibrator.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 14, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Excellent product
Color: Orange
Excellent product gave as gift and was enjoyed by the labrador.
The tail makes all the difference.
Would recommend.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 20, 2026
★★★★★ 2
Not worth it - (2nd day of having product)
Color: Orange
Fun toy out of the box - Frenchie dog.
Charge does not last long. Even with recharging, the motor seems weaker. It asks to keep the charging port dry, but it is not slobber-proof, so when opened, the entire inside is wet - I have to blow-dry the charging port in order to be able to recharge it
Day 2 - movement is so weak, but it shows full charge. Barking sound is no longer audible. If you have a chewer... not great as it is easily broken apart. Not really worth it. At least it's cheaper on Amazon than their website.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 16, 2026
★★★★★ 4
Interactive Dog Toy
Color: Orange
My 100 lb shephard/golden mix likes this toy but she tends to get agitated with it. I have to keep an eye on her because she destroys toys in record time. The only complaint I really have is once she gets interested and plays for a long time it needs to be charged and she doesn't want me to take it to be charged. Wish the charge lasted a little longer or there were two of the inner parts so one could charge while she is playing with the second one. The plastic ball could be made of rubber so the teeth marks don't show up.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 27, 2026
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