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Description
Human TFAM ELISA KitProduct Specification Usage Required experimental equipment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High precision pipettes and pipette tips: 0. 5 10uL, 5 50uL, 20 200uL, 200 1000uL 3. 37C incubator 4. Distilled or deionized water Sample preparation and requirements: Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre chilled PBS (0. 01M, pH 7. 4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh and
Product Specification
| Usage | Required experimental equipment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High-precision pipettes and pipette tips: 0.5-10uL, 5-50uL, 20-200uL, 200-1000uL 3. 37°C incubator 4. Distilled or deionized water Sample preparation and requirements: Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre-chilled PBS (0.01M, pH 7.4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh and mince the tissue. Add the minced tissue to the appropriate volume of PBS (generally a 1:9 weight-to-volume ratio, e.g., 1g of tissue sample to 9mL of PBS. The specific volume can be adjusted according to experimental needs and recorded. It is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS) in a glass homogenizer and grind thoroughly on ice. To further lyse tissue cells, the homogenate can be sonicated or repeatedly freeze-thawed. Finally, centrifuge the homogenate at 5000×g for 5-10 minutes and remove the supernatant for analysis. Cell culture supernatant: Centrifuge at 1000×g for 20 minutes. Remove the supernatant for analysis or store at -20°C or -80°C, but avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Pre-Assay Preparation: 1. Remove the reagent kit from the refrigerator 10 minutes in advance and equilibrate to room temperature. 2. Prepare the standard gradient working solution: Add 1 mL of universal diluent to the lyophilized standard, let stand for 15 minutes to completely dissolve, then gently mix (concentration 20 ng/mL). Then dilute to the following concentrations: 20 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, 5 ng/mL, 2.5 ng/mL, 1.25 ng/mL, 0.625 ng/mL, 0.3125 ng/mL, and 0 ng/mL. Serial dilution method: Take seven EP tubes and add 500uL of universal diluent to each tube. Pipette 500uL of the 20ng/mL standard working solution into the first EP tube and mix thoroughly to make a 10ng/mL standard working solution. Repeat this procedure for subsequent tubes. The last tube is used as a blank well; there is no need to pipette liquid from the penultimate tube. See the figure below for details. 3. Preparation of biotinylated detection antibody working solution: Centrifuge the concentrated biotinylated antibody at 1000×g for 1 minute 15 minutes before use. Dilute the 100× concentrated biotinylated antibody to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10uL concentrate + 990uL universal diluent). Prepare and use immediately. 4. Prepare the enzyme conjugate working solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the 100× concentrated enzyme conjugate at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated HRP enzyme conjugate to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10 μL of concentrate + 990 μL of universal diluent). Prepare immediately. 5. Prepare the 1× wash solution: Dispense 10 mL of 20× wash solution into 190 mL of distilled water (concentrated wash solution removed from the refrigerator may crystallize; this is normal. Allow to stand at room temperature until the crystals have completely dissolved before preparing). Procedure: 1. Remove the desired strips from the aluminum foil bag after equilibration at room temperature for 10 minutes. Seal the remaining strips in a ziplock bag and return to 4°C. 2. Sample addition: Add 100 μL of sample or standard of varying concentrations to the corresponding wells. Add 100 μL of universal diluent to the blank wells. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. (Recommendation: Dilute the sample to be tested at least 1-fold with universal diluent before adding it to the ELISA plate. This will reduce the impact of matrix effects on the test results. The sample concentration should be multiplied by the corresponding dilution factor when calculating the final sample concentration. It is recommended to run replicates for all test samples and standards.) 3. Add Biotinylated Antibody: Remove the ELISA plate and discard the liquid without washing. Add 100 μL of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution directly to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. 4. Wash: Discard the liquid and add 300 μL of 1x Wash Solution to each well. Let stand for 1 minute, shake off the wash solution, and pat dry on absorbent paper. Repeat this process three times (a plate washer can also be used). 5. Add Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution: Add 100 μL of Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes. 6. Washing: Discard the liquid and wash the plate five times as in step 4. 7. Adding substrate: Add 90 μL of substrate (TMB) to each well, cover with a sealing film, and incubate at 37°C in the dark for 15 minutes. 8. Adding stop solution: Remove the ELISA plate and add 50 μL of stop solution directly to each well. Immediately measure the OD value of each well at a wavelength of 450 nm. Calculating experimental results: 1. Calculate the average OD value of the standard and sample replicates and subtract the OD value of the blank well as a correction factor. Plot the standard curve of the four-parameter logistic function on double-logarithmic graph paper, with concentration as the horizontal axis and OD value as the vertical axis. 2. If the sample OD value is higher than the upper limit of the standard curve, dilute the sample appropriately and retest. Multiply the sample concentration by the corresponding dilution factor. |
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| Theory | This kit uses a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sample, standard, biotin-labeled detection antibody, and HRP conjugate are sequentially added to microwells pre-coated with a Transcription Factor A, Mitochondrial (TFAM) capture antibody. After incubation and washing, the sample is developed using the substrate TMB. TMB converts to blue under the catalysis of HRP and to yellow under the action of acid. The intensity of the color is positively correlated with the Transcription Factor A, Mitochondrial (TFAM) content in the sample. The absorbance (OD) is measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader to calculate the sample concentration. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source | Human | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonym | Human Transcription Factor A, Mitochondrial ELISA Kit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Detection Type | Double antibody sandwich method | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition |
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| Background | Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is a protein encoded by the TFAM gene. This gene encodes a mitochondrial transcription factor that is a key activator of mitochondrial transcription and a participant in mitochondrial genome replication. It binds to mitochondrial promoter DNA to facilitate mitochondrial genome transcription. It is a double-box, high-mobility group DNA binding and bending protein. This bending function is important for mitochondrial transcription initiation in mammals, but not in its yeast homolog, Abf2. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Notes | 1. Strictly adhere to the specified incubation time and temperature to ensure accurate results. All reagents must be at room temperature (20-25°C) before use. Refrigerate reagents immediately after use. 2. Improper plate washing may result in inaccurate results. Ensure that all liquid in the wells is aspirated thoroughly before adding substrate. Do not allow the wells to dry out during incubation. 3. Remove any residual liquid and fingerprints from the bottom of the plate, as this will affect the OD value. 4. The substrate developer solution should be colorless or very light in color. Do not use substrate solution that has turned blue. 5. Avoid cross-contamination of reagents and specimens to prevent erroneous results. 6. Avoid direct exposure to strong light during storage and incubation. 7. Do not expose any reagents to bleaching solvents or the strong fumes emitted by bleaching solvents. Any bleaching agent will destroy the biological activity of the reagents in the kit. 8. Do not use expired products, and do not mix components with different product numbers and batches. 9. Recombinant proteins from sources other than the kit may not be compatible with the antibodies in this kit and will not be recognized. 10. If there is a possibility of disease transmission, all samples should be managed properly and samples and testing devices should be handled according to prescribed procedures. |
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| Storage Temp. | If the unopened kit is stored at 4°C, the shelf life is 6 months. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Test Range | 0.312-20 ng/mL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Applications | Tissue homogenate, cell culture supernatant |
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4.5 ★★★★★
Based on 15 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Transparency Triumph: The 'Clear' Winner in Self-Tanning!
Color: Dark, Size: 16 Fl Oz (Pack of 1), Color: Dark, Size: 16 Fl Oz (Pack of 1)
As someone new to self-tanning, the thought of a clear self-tanner was quite scary to me, but after seeing a lot about this product online I decided to give it a shot, and I am glad I did! These are photos of me with the tan and without; The last photo is how I looked when I woke up after having it on for 10 hours.
Here are my final thoughts on the product alongside some tips!
Non-Transfer Formula (5/5): One of the best qualities of this product is the excellent non-transfer formula, which deserves 5 stars. You can go about the rest of the day without stressing that your new tan will transfer to your clothing, furniture, or anything else you touch. If you're nervous about attracting attention to yourself while you're out and about, this clear gel is the perfect alternative to common tanning mousses with guide colors that might leave you looking like a giraffe.
Comfortable Wear (5/5): Another huge plus is the comfort factor. Once this tanning gel dries, you won't feel like you've been ensnared in a sticky web. I've even dared to wear it outdoors without feeling like a bronzed oddball (which can happen with tinted tanning products). Sleeping in it is a breeze too; it won't transfer onto your sheets or clothing, allowing you to leave it on as long as you wish. Plus, it imparts a lovely, natural glow that's sure to turn heads.
User-friendly (3/5): I must admit, this one took some time to get the hang of. It's marketed as an easy alternative to mousse, but its transparency makes it a bit trickier.
Application Tips:
So firstly, buy a tanning mitt, any tanning mitt! This is not a job for bare hands or latex gloves, trust me I have tried!
I also apply hydrating moisturizer all over my body before application and wait around 10 minutes for it to soak in. On the areas that are tough, (elbows, knees, and ankles) I use heavier moisture. I personally use "EIGHT HOUR CREAM SKIN PROTECTANT" by Elizebeth Arden, and it has been a game changer. I use makeup brushes on my face, hands, and knees.
So when I first started using this I did notice it not going well around my feet/ankles and hands, but that's because of poor application. My advice for those areas is to really really blend it around with a small makeup brush, and smooth it over with a mitt. For my hands, I try very hard to put it on carefully with a makeup brush, and then I use wet wipes on my palm to make sure it doesn't get there. Once I shower if I see some blotches on my hand, I use an exfoliating mitt to take it right off. One other good thing about this product is that it is easy to remove with an exfoliator.
Double Glow Trick: If you want more of a guide, I mix L’Oréal Paris Sublime Bronze with this gel, around a ratio of 1:4. It creates such a nice glow together!
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Reviewed in the United States on September 30, 2023
★★★★★ 4
Good color, crappy pump
Color: Dark, Size: 16 Fl Oz (Pack of 1), Color: Dark, Size: 16 Fl Oz (Pack of 1)
It works! Put it in at 9 and rinsed off at 2 and the color was apparent. And I clearly need some practice applying with my mit as you can see in the photo haha! Only reason for docking is my pump won’t work. Won’t open up to pump so have to open the entire top and pour it out onto my mit which is annoying. There also is definitely a self tanning scent that is very notable so if you get this thinking there is no smell- you’d be wrong. I wouldn’t wear it out in public
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on April 7, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Helped My Texture & Pores So Much
Size: 2.03 Fl Oz (Pack of 1)
I bought this mainly to help with skin texture and the appearance of my pores, and it has honestly worked really well. After using it consistently, my skin feels noticeably smoother and looks more refined overall.
I’ve especially noticed a difference around areas where I tend to have larger pores and uneven texture. My skin looks softer, more even, and makeup applies much more smoothly now.
The serum itself feels lightweight, absorbs nicely, and doesn’t leave my skin sticky or greasy. It layers well with the rest of my skincare routine and hasn’t irritated my sensitive skin at all.
I also love that the jumbo size lasts a long time, so it feels like a really good value for the amount you get. Definitely happy with this purchase and would repurchase again!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 23, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Surprisingly Effective – Smoother, Firmer, More Hydrated Skin!!!
Size: 1.01 Fl Oz (Pack of 1), Size: 1.01 Fl Oz (Pack of 1)
I decided to try the FRANKLY Closer Serum after seeing it listed as Amazon’s Choice and noticed it had been purchased 6K+ times in the past month and I can see why! This serum has been a great addition to my skincare routine.
The texture is lightweight and absorbs quickly, leaving no sticky residue. It feels hydrating right away, and over time, I’ve noticed my skin looks smoother and more refined, especially around my pores and T-zone. It doesn’t clog pores, which is important for my acne-prone skin, and it layers well under makeup or sunscreen.
I appreciate the powerhouse ingredients like 9 peptides, vegan collagen, adenosine, and PHA they’ve helped improve my skin’s elasticity and texture without irritation. The glow is real, and I can see that “glass skin” look starting to come through with consistent use.
The 1.01 fl oz size may seem small, but a little goes a long way. The pump bottle is hygienic and easy to use, and the overall packaging feels clean and modern.
If you’re looking for a gentle, multi-tasking anti-aging and pore-refining serum, this one is a great value and it lives up to the hype.
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Reviewed in the United States on July 15, 2025
★★★★★ 5
The best pore reducer, even on older complexions!
Size: 2.03 Fl Oz (Pack of 1)
Nothing has ever worked reducing my enlarged cheek and nose pores over the years. Now I've finally found something that works. By the second day there was noticeable results and by the end of the first week even the small wrinkles under my eyes was gone! I use it with my normal skin care routine but I won't do without this again.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 8, 2026